The banana peel was extracted with ethanol, and a cream fo A new series of Schiff's base compounds were synthesized by condensation of 1- 4-amino-4 phenyl 3-phenyl triazeneol and substituted aldehyde and gave high yields of target compounds.
Antimicrobial activity of compounds has been tested against bacterial and fungal species, namely gram-positive bacteria as S. The antibacterial property of three Himalayan Oaks species Quercus floribunda, Q. It is an open access online and print International Journal published monthly. Website: www.
Panchkula , HR. Why publish with us? Volume 13 - Issue 1, January. DOI: Basu and A. Hasit V. Patel and Shweta A. Hiral P. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that these extracts have potential hepatoprotective activity which is mainly attributed to the antioxidant potential, which might occur by reduction of lipid peroxidation and cellular damage. Keywords: Acacia catechu; Camellia sinensis; Mangifera indica; Phyllanthus emblica; Punica granatum; cellular antioxidant activity assay; hepatoprotection.
Abstract Background: Phyllanthus emblica, Camellia sinensis, Mangifera indica, Punica granatum, and Acacia catechu have been shown to possess widespread pharmacological application against multitude of diseases namely cancer, diabetes, liver disorders, and oxidative stress. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In an attempt to further establish the pharmacological properties of Bauhinia purpurea Fabaceae , hepatoprotective potential of methanol extract of B. The blood samples and livers were collected and subjected to biochemical and microscopical analysis.
The extract was also subjected to antioxidant study using the 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl DPPH radical scavenging assay with the total phenolic content TPC also determined. From the histological observation, lymphocyte infiltration and marked necrosis were observed in PCM-treated groups negative control , whereas maintenance of the normal hepatic structural was observed in group pretreated with silymarin and MEBP.
Moreover, the extract also exhibited antioxidant activity and contained high TPC. In conclusion, MEBP exerts potential hepatoprotective activity that could be partly attributed to its antioxidant activity and high phenolic content and thus warrants further investigation. Introduction [2].
One of the plants that are currently under investigation for its potential pharmacological activities in our laboratory Diverse range of bioactive molecules has been isolated from is Bauhinia purpurea family Leguminosae.
There has been a revival of interest in plant-based been traditionally used by the Indians to treat stomach medicines due to the increase awareness of the limited ability tumors, ulcers, wounds, glandular swellings, diarrhea, and of synthetic pharmaceutical products to control major disease fever [3].
Scientifically, B. Pharmacological Studies B. For example, the plant exhibited antimicrobial [8], antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic [3, 2. Antioxidant Activity of MEBP 9], antimycobacterial, antimalarial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory [10], anti-nephrotoxicity [11], and wound Total Phenolic Content. Determination of total phenolic healing [12] activities. Briefly, a 1. Interestingly, was extracted for 2 hours with 1.
We have also reported on the at room temperature on the shaker set at rpm. The phytochemical constituents of B. Flavonoids, in particular, are polyphenolic compounds, compounds. The mixture was centrifuged at rpm for widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and exhibited var- 15 minutes, and the supernatant decanted into vials.
The ious pharmacological activities including hepatoprotective supernatant was used for the determination of TPC. A activity [19]. Interestingly, there is a link between the hepato- Then, Absorbance was measured at nm. A calibration purpurea leaves. Thus, we take this opportunity to study the curve was generated by using the gallic acid standard optical hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of B. Antioxidant reduc- ing activity on DPPH radical was estimated according to 2.
Materials and Methods the method of Blois [22] with modification involving the 2. The plate was shaken 15 seconds, rpm and left to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes. The absorbance of the resulting solution was 2. Collection of Plant Material. The leaves of B. Hepatoprotective Assay ison with specimens available at the Herbarium of the Lab- 2.
The leaves were dried under shade for 7 days at induced hepatotoxicity test in rats. Preparation of Plant Extract. The coarse powder of B. DMSO purpurea had undergone the maceration type of extraction using methanol as the solvent system. Furthermore, this dose range was chosen based on the antiulcer activity of B. The solvents were A 0. This was maintained respectively. After 48 The flow rate used was 1. The HPLC was monitored at and nm. The oral administration of PCM was performed 3 hours after 2.
Statistical Analysis. Forty eight [23] using the one-way analysis of variance ANOVA , and the hours after the hepatic injury induction, the animals were differences between the groups were determined using the anesthetized using diethyl ether, and the blood was drained Dunnett post hoc test as provided by the Graph pad PRISM for biochemical parameters study.
The animals were then V5. Results 2. Biochemical Studies. Biochemical parameters were 3. In Vitro Antioxidant Studies assayed according to the standard methods. Total Phenolic Compound. Liver concentration of the currently prepared MEBP with the aim sections then will be scored and evaluated according to the of supporting the previous findings and, later, to propose the severity of the hepatic injury as described by El-Beshbishy role of antioxidant effect as one of the possible mechanisms et al.
Zakaria et al. The HPLC analysis of the extract was also carried out and performed according to the previous 3. In Vivo Hepatoprotective Study report [18] but with slight modifications. Interestingly, pre- sample. Pre-treatment weight in PCM-treated rats. These pathological changes were found to be lesser as the dose of MEBP increased indicating the extract ability to reverse the PCM-induced intoxication Figures 2 d —2 f. Table 3 shows the histopathological scoring of silymarin as expected has also demonstrated significant the liver tissues pretreated with the respective test solution.
Interestingly, the presence of marked necrosis, inflammation, and hemorrhage following treatment with PCM shown by 3. Gross pretreated with the extract or silymarin. Gross necropsy of normal liver demonstrated 3. Biochemical Study. In this study, gross necropsy and normal appearances i.
Meanwhile, the liver intoxi- treated with the respective test solution showed a correlation cated with PCM showed major changes of the color of the with serum biochemical indices. CV: centrilobular. CN: coagulative necrosis. I: inflammation. H: haemorrhage. However, oral administration and triterpenes.
The best wavelength decreasing the level of these enzymes. At this wavelength, several peaks were separated with 5 major peaks labelled as P1, P2 P3, P4, and P5 which were clearly 3. RT of 2. However, Table 5: Comparison on the phytochemical constituents between parenchymal cells produce pool of ALT that is regarded the leaves of B.
Moreover, Somchit et al. Histopathological 4. Discussion and Conclusion observations provide evidence of reducing number of viable Hepatocytes are the main component that regulates various cells with massive necrotic cells around the centrilobular zone metabolic activities of liver.
Distortion of this organ will result extending to parenchymal zone, which is characterized by in disorder of body metabolism [25, 26]. An accidental over pyknosis and karyolysis nuclear. Interestingly, administration dosage administration of PCM as an antipyretic drug and of MEBP showed capability to reduce the liver weight and over-the-counter analgesic [27] can result in hepatic dam- concurrently caused significant reduction of enzyme ALT age [28].
It is one of the metabolites of PCM after the latter undergoes further supported by the normalization of histopathological metabolism in the liver via the action of cytochrome P changes to preserve the histostructure of hepatocytes.
This cyP monooxygenase [26, 29, 30], is highly responsible liver regeneration progress was almost comparable to sily- for the PCM toxic effect to the liver [31]. Several CYP marin pretreated group which showed increasing number of enzymes have been known to participate in the bioactiva- viable cells and declining of hepatic enzymes level in serum.
GSH has been described previously, the development of PCM-induced hep- highlighted to be responsible in the antioxidant defense of our atotoxicity seems to depend partly on the existence of free body by scavenging the free radicals produced through the radicals and oxidative processes. This is conjugates that will lead to the oxidation and conversion of supported by claim that the combination of hepatoprotective GSH to glutathione disulfide GSSG resulting in the reduced effect and antioxidant activity synergistically prevents the level of blood and liver GSH [33].
Depletion of GSH level in process of initiation and progress of hepatocellular damage blood and liver due to this process can result in mitochondrial [39]. Interestingly, our previous findings did demonstrate dysfunction, increase of lipid peroxidation, and development the MEBP ability to scavenge free radicals and to exert of acute hepatic necrosis.
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